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Unit - II
Great Expectations - Charles Dickens
Introduction : Great Expectations is a narrative that follows the life of Pip, a young child who is an orphan and is taken in by a family of blacksmiths. Initially, Pip experiences fortunate circumstances and has high hopes for the future. However, he eventually encounters misfortune and loses both his good fortune and his optimistic outlook.Throughout this period of fluctuation, however, Pip acquires the knowledge and ability to discover genuine contentment. He acquires the understanding.
The beginning:
Pip, the protagonist, introduces himself and shows a younger Pip looking at his parents' tombstones. When this tiny, nervous toddler sees a prisoner, he becomes terrified. Pip must get food and a file for his leg shackle from his house to survive, the guy says. Pip rushes to his sister, Mrs. Joe Gragery, and foster father, Joe. Mrs. Joe is a loud, furious, and relentless woman who often reminds Pip and her husband Joe of her struggles raising Pip and managing the family. These outbursts soothe Pip, who sees Joe as a more equal companion than a father, and they share a history of tyranny. Pip steals food, a pork pie, and a file from Joe's forge from the cupboard and gives them to the fugitive the next morning. After seeing the man captured by soldiers, Pip forgets the experience.
Education at Ms.Havisham's house:
Pip is taken to Miss Havisham's residence, a grand estate known as the "Satis House," where sunlight is perpetually absent.He meets Estella, a similar-aged female. Estella is beautiful and proud.
Pip's Love for Estella and Havaisham's cruelty : Pip,immediately develops an intense affection for her and will continue to harbor these feelings throughout the entire narrative. Subsequently, he encounters Miss Havisham, a slender and aged woman whose appearance is characterized by a yellowed complexion and attire consisting of an antiquated bridal garment,she wants to teach the children,the cruelest face of love and marriage.Miss Havisham appears to derive great pleasure when Estella belittles,her mockery towards Pip's rough hands and heavy boots during their play.She calls Pip as a "country brat" Pip felt inferior.He is determined to transform himself, to become extraordinary, and to embody the qualities of a gentleman.
Pip's visit :
Pip visits Estella and Miss Havisham for eight months, witnesses their strange lifestyle. Miss Havisham leads him into a big dinner hall with a buffet and a huge wedding cake. The food and cake have been undisturbed for years, except from a variety of rats, beetles, and spiders that prowl the region. Her family visits her every year on her birthday and wedding day, when the cake was exhibited and the clocks were stopped many years ago.
London Fantasy : Pip fantasizes of being a gentleman and living a wealthy life. The dream ends when Miss Havisham asks Pip to take Joe home to start his blacksmith apprenticeship. Miss Havisham pays Joe 25 pounds for Pip's help and leaves. Pip expresses his deep dissatisfaction with his home and job to his readers. He wants to be unique and polite. He wants the same atmosphere as his brief stay at the Manor House.
At the start of his apprenticeship, Mrs. Joe is found unconscious and dumb from an unknown attacker. She suffers major brain injuries and has lost much of her speech, hearing, and memory. Her anger improved and she was patient. Pip's little orphan friend Biddy moves home to help with chores and care for Mrs. Joe. Flying time.
Pip's apprenticeship: Pip, in his fourth year of apprenticeship, and Joe are in the pub when a stranger approaches. Identifying him by his "fragrance of soap," Pip recalls meeting him at Miss Havisham's some years earlier. After going home, Jaggers, the male, says Pip has "significant prospects." He will receive a large monthly allowance from the lawyer. The benefactor wants anonymity and to remain unknown. After a stressful evening with Biddy and Joe, Pip heads to bed.
Despite achieving all his goals, he feels alone. Pip visits Miss Havisham, who subtly hints she is his supporter. Pip moves to London and meets Jagger's square-jawed clerk Wemmick. Wemmick takes Pip to Bernard's Inn, where he lives with Herbert Pocket for five years. Herbert, a cheerful young man, becomes one of Pip's closest friends. Herbert tells Pips that Miss Havisham raised Estella to avenge men. This punishment is performed by making men adore Estella and breaking their hearts.
Pip is invited to supper at Wemmick's, where the slogan is "Work and personal life are separate entities." Wemmick has a remarkable personal life. The cottage has been converted into a castle with a moat, drawbridge, and artillery. The next day, Jaggers personally invites Pip and his friends to dinner. Wemmick advises Pip to watch Jagger's servant woman, a "tigress." She appears to be forty and acts out of fear and duty toward Jaggers.
Pip's revisit : Pip visits Miss Havisham and Estella at Satis House. Estella, who has matured, seems more attractive, so Pip does not recognize her. He speaks harsh and ordinary like he did when he was younger, and she treats him like a child. Pip notices Estella's likeness. He can not recognize the glance, but her expression suggests familiarity.
Pip avoids Joe and Biddy's house and the forge and roams the town, enjoying his erstwhile friends' adulation. Pip receives a letter shortly after Mrs. Joe Gragery dies. Pip attends the funeral at home again. Joe and Pip relax by the fire, reminiscing about the past. Pip leaves irritated as Biddy indicates that his return will not be immediate as promised. After returning to London, Pip asks Wemmick how to anonymously give Herbert a portion of his annual stipend. "I endured all forms and levels of anguish that Estella could inflict upon me," Pip says of his relationship with Estella in the city. The most repulsive of Pip's friends, Drummle, has started dating Estella.
Pip's transformation : Pip, a wealthy metropolitan youth, continues to live lavishly.
The twist :On a rainy night after Pip's 24th birthday, an aged, weathered man in his sixties arrives at his house. Pip politely but indifferently invites the person. However, Pip gradually recognizes him as the criminal he fed in the swamps as a boy. Magwitch, the man, says he finances Pip. After Pip helped him, he vowed to give Pip every money he earned. "I have transformed you into a refined and well-mannered man," says the person. Horror fills Pip. All his expectations are dashed. Miss Havisham does not want to make Pip happy and rich by marrying Estella. Inmate tells Pip he returned to meet him out of fear of execution if the authorities found him in England. Pip hates him but wants to keep him hidden and alive.
Herbert and Pip agree that Pip will try to convince Magwitch to leave England with him. Magwitch tells them his life story. He was lonely and often in trouble from a young age. Magwitch met Compeyson, a wealthy young man who committed fraud, counterfeiting, and other white-collar crimes, during a rare period of freedom. Magwitch faced legal ramifications after Compeyson hired her to commit crimes. Magwitch dislikes him. Herbert discreetly gives Pip a letter saying that Compeyson abandoned Miss Havisham on her wedding day. Pip finds Miss Havisham and Estella in the same banquet chamber at Satis House. Pip gets emotional and confesses his love for Estella. As previously, Estella frankly tells him she cannot love and will soon marry Drummle. Wemmick tells Pip what he learned from Newgate convicts when he returns to London. Pip claims to be monitored and worried about danger. In London, Compeyson has established himself. Herbert has been warned by Wemmick. Herbert hid Magwitch at Clara's house after hearing the warning. Jaggers hosts Pip and Wemmick for dinner. Pip realizes Estella resembles Jaggers' maid while dinner. Estella's mother serves Jaggers! When traveling home, Wemmick tells the story of Jaggers' maid. It was this case that made Jaggers famous. He was defending the woman accused of strangulation. In addition to the murder, the woman was accused of filicide for killing her daughter. Miss Havisham invites Pip over. He sees her again, sitting by the fire, but she looks quite alone. Pip recalls giving Herbert money to secure his future. He must stop this practice because his benefactor no longer funds him. Miss Havisham gives Pip £900 to help Herbert. She begs Pip for forgiveness.
The flames : Pip assures her that she has been forgiven and admits that he needs a lot of forgiveness to forgive others. Pip returns from a yard walk to find Miss Havisham in flames! While extinguishing the flames, Pip burns himself badly. Her doctors say she will live. Pip comes home while Herbert treats his burns. Herbert has been spending time with Magwitch at Clara's house, where he has learned the full story. Magwitch married Jaggers' servant Tigress.
The truth, revelation : On the day she murdered, the woman told Magwitch she would kill their child and disappear. Magwitch never succeeded. Herbert learns from Pip that Magwitch is Estella's biological father. Flee with Magwitch now.
Herbert and Pip wake up and head downstream, picking up Magwitch at the appointed time.Another boat blocks their route as they approach a steamer they want to board. Pip sees Compeyson steering the other boat as the ship approaches from above in the commotion. Pip's boat is damaged by the steamer's impact.
Compeyson and Magwitch sink, as Pip and Herbert board a police boat. Magwitch surfaced. After fighting Compeyson, Magwitch freed him and it is believed he drowned. Magwitch is arrested again. Magwitch is sick and in prison. Pip cares for Magwitch daily in prison.
The One day, Pip discreetly tells him his daughter is alive. "She is a woman and very attractive," Pip says. "I have strong affection for her." Oz dies. Pip sufffered from a month-long fever.
Creditors appeared in Joe's nightmares and daily life. After regaining consciousness, he finds that Joe has always been caring for him. Joe tells him that Miss Havisham died while he was unwell and left Estella and Matthew Pocket a large chunk of her wealth. Joe leaves quietly one morning with a message.
Pip discovers Joe paid off all his obligations. Pip wants to reconcile with Joe, ask for forgiveness, and marry Biddy. Pip finds happiness with Joe and Biddy, but Joe and Biddy are his true happiness. Today is their wedding day. Pip sincerely wishes them success and begs for forgiveness. They offer it freely. Pip works for Herbert's company and lives with Clara and Herbert after their wedding.
Within a year, he becomes a partner. He pays his debts and works hard. Pip returns from overseas work after eleven years. He visits Joe and Biddy and sees a young Pip sitting by the hearth beside Joe, reminiscing about Pip's history. Pip says he lives with Clara and Herbert and is happy and single and feels he will never marry. That night, he visits the Satis House to remember the girl he lost. He meets Estella.
Drummle belittled her and died recently. She tells Pip that she has suffered much emotional agony and wants his forgiveness for her past behavior toward him. They go hand-in-hand out of the garden. Pip realizes they will never part.
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