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Inequality, Instability and Voice - Amartya Sen
[alert-success] Inequality, Instability and Voice
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Overview :
Amartya Sen authored the essay "Inequality, Instability and Voice." 'The Argumentative Indian' is a compilation of works on Indian history, culture, and identity authored by the Nobel laureate in Economics. In the essay, he addresses three specific topics:
📍recognition and inequality
📍the oneness of India
📍solidarity within the subcontinent
Social Disparity in Indian Society :
Amartya Sen observes that India has a history of social inequity, with the caste system being one of its manifestations. However, he also acknowledges that throughout its history, the country has consistently demonstrated a culture of being accommodating towards outsiders, particularly in matters of religion. Muslims, Christians, Jews, and Parsees were all permitted to coexist under a policy of 'swikriti' or equal tolerance. Although he claims that this did not constitute an explicit endorsement of equality, it did imply a level of acceptance towards these groups.
In addition, he observes that despite more than half a century of independence, the political parity granted to all Indians by the Constitution has yet to result in social and economic parity. In addition to the fundamental rights, the Indian Constitution also outlines specific social and economic entitlements. Advancements in these areas should be directed towards achieving greater equality.
The Tradition of Indian Argumentation:
Sen characterizes the argumentative Indian tradition as a means to achieve more equality. The inclusion of voices from individuals and organizations advocating against caste, class, and gender restrictions is a significant contributing factor. He believes that political factions advocating for increased equity for disadvantaged individuals should unify in their efforts in order to achieve advancement. Engaging in internal conflict would undermine their objective.
Furthermore, he asserts that the recent inclination towards heightened religious and communal affiliations has led to a rise in sectarian politics, so undermining the broader endeavor to uphold egalitarian principles. He claims that the Indian tradition of engaging in argumentation would be advantageous in the pursuit of fairness and equality. Individuals ought to express their opinions in opposition to inequality and imbalance. In addition, he states, "Silence poses a formidable obstacle to the achievement of social justice".
The Concept of Unity in India :
Sen discusses the inter-community dialogues held by the Mughal Emperor Akbar in Agra during the 16th century. Sen asserts that these discussions focused on the diversity of beliefs in India and the necessity of dialogue among various groups. India's oneness has continually garnered awareness and elicited response, despite its diverse nature. Recognizing the diversity inside India is crucial for comprehending the country's strong unity, which is shown in various literary, scientific, and political endeavors. The notion of a pluralist India cannot be substituted by either a homogenous perspective of a united India or a fragmented picture of isolated portions.
Subcontinental issues:
Matters pertaining to the Indian subcontinent
Recently, there have been positive advancements in the direction of dialogue. Crucial matters need to be resolved in other international matters. The relations between Sri Lanka and India have been tense due to a general lack of understanding on India's role and capabilities in resolving the Tamil separatist crisis. Likewise, there are matters that need to be resolved based on comprehension and methodology, both of which have a lengthy past in the mutual history of India and Bangladesh.
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